Variables included in the model were age, sex, baseline excess weight, risk factor for HIV acquisition, baseline CD4 and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stage, na?ve status, ART duration (set at 0 for na?ve participants), statin use, HCV eradication during the first year of study, and type of DTG-including regimen. The impact of weight gain on lipids and glucose metabolism was explored by comparing TC, HDL, TC/HDL ratio, TG, and fasting glucose changes at 6 and 12 months between participants whose weight increased by at least 10% in the first year and those whose weight RC-3095 RC-3095 did not, using a general linear model including potential confounders. TDF/FTC+DTG and TAF/FTC+DTG. Baseline CD4 200 cells/mm3 (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.96), being ART-na?ve (HR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.18), and treatment with TDF/FTC+DTG (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.98) or TAF/FTC+DTG (HR, 3.80; 95% CI, 1.75 to 8.23) were associated with weight gain 10% from baseline. Higher excess weight (HR, 0.97 by 1 kg; 95% CI, 0.96 to 0.99) and female gender (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.88) were protective against weight gain. Conclusions Na?ve PWH with reduce CD4 counts and those on TAF/FTC or TDF/FTC backbones were at higher risk of excess weight increase in the course of DTG-based ART. test. Weight change from baseline was assessed using a paired test in the univariate analysis at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of follow-up. Overall excess weight switch across follow-up visits (from baseline to month 24) RC-3095 was analyzed using a mixed model for repeated steps. We compared excess weight switch among backbone groups, including potential confounders (differences between treatment groups or associated with baseline excess weight). Active hepatitis C computer virus (HCV) contamination and statin use were updated over time. If excess weight was not measured at a follow-up visit, we imputed CD197 the missing value as the mean of the previous and the following visits. Moreover, with the aim of identifying the factors associated with clinically significant weight gain, we defined as excess weight gainers (WGs) as those participants whose excess weight increased by at least 10% from baseline [15]. The associations among ART regimens, participant characteristics, and being WGs were evaluated with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a Cox proportional hazard regression model; time was calculated as days between starting a DTG-including regimen and the visit where the 10% increase was measured. Variables included in the model were age, sex, baseline excess weight, risk factor for HIV acquisition, baseline CD4 and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stage, na?ve status, ART duration (set at 0 for na?ve participants), statin use, HCV eradication during the first year of study, and type of DTG-including regimen. The impact of weight gain on lipids and glucose metabolism was explored by comparing TC, HDL, TC/HDL ratio, TG, and fasting glucose changes at 6 and 12 months between participants whose excess weight increased by at least 10% in the first year and those whose excess weight did not, using a general linear model including potential confounders. For this analysis, participants with weight gain ranging from 1% to 10% in the first 12 months of observation were excluded. Participants whose excess weight increased 1% or decreased were defined as nongainers (NGs). We also evaluated the frequency of incident obesity and metabolic syndrome. Obesity was defined by a body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2, while metabolic syndrome was defined by the presence of central obesity (assumed in PWH with BMI 30 kg/m2) and any 2 of the following factors: (1) TG 150 mg/dL or treatment for hypertriglyceridemia; (2) HDL 40 mg/dL for males or 50 mg/dL for females or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality; (3) raised blood pressure, with systolic blood pressure 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure 85 mmHg or treatment for previously diagnosed hypertension; (4) fasting glucose 100 mg/dL or diagnosis of type 2 diabetes [22, 23]. The study protocol of the SCOLTA group RC-3095 was approved by local ethical committees and conducted in accordance with the ethical principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written consent was obtained from all participants. RESULTS At the time of this analysis (December 2019), 987 PWH were enrolled in the SCOLTA cohort and on treatment with a.